Combination lock



Jan. 8 1924. 1 ;479,965

J. P. IOOR coMBIfiATIoN LOCK Filed Oct. 15 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 HGI [7G1 HGE IINVENTOR: Y JOHN- k705i Jan. 8 1924. 1,47%965 J. P. IOOR COMBINATION LOCK Filed Oct. 13. 1921 2-sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR: Jog/k f? /0r.v

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Patented Jan. 8, 1924.

UNITED STAT JOHN P. IGOR, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

COMBINATION LOCK.

Application filed Qctober 13, 1921.

T 0 all to [1.0m it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN P. Icon, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Combination Locks, whereof the following a specification, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings. c My invention relates to locking mechanism which includes amovable bolt which may be reciprocated by turning movem nt of an exterior handle, without the employment of a key, when said locking bolt is disengaged from a combination tumbler or tumblers, which tumblers may be turned to engage the mechanism in locked position.

As hereinafter described, my invention includes a rotary operating spindle carrying an incompletely circular detent element; said element having a gap in its circumference which may be presented in radial relation to the axis of a rotary combination tumbler having a concentric portion which may be turned into said detent gap to prevent the spindle from being turned and thus hold the locking mechanism in locked posi tion. Said tumbler also eomprises'an incompletely circular body; said body having a gap in its circun'iference which may be presented in radial relation with said spindle, by turning said tumbler, to permit said spindle to be turned to unlock said mechanism. As hereinafter described; both said spindle and said tumbler are provided with exterior index members indicating the rela tive position of their inter-lockable portions;

so that the operator may detern'iine when they are in the relative position in which the mechanismv may be unlocked by turning movement of said spindle. As hereinafter described; I find it convenient to embody my invention in a lock mechanism including two such combination tumblers in operative relation with a single intermediate spindle.

Although the construction and arrangement aforesaid may be embodied in a lock wherein the position of said index members with reference to the tumbler is invariable; i. prefer to provide each of such combination tumblers with an index dial which is variably connected therewith, conveniently by a polygonal socket in the dial fitting a polygonal arbor concentric'with the tumbler axis; so that the dial may be removed and replaced in connection with the tumb'er in Serial No. 507,453.

any one of the several different positions corresponding with the sides of the polygon. Moreover, I prefer to connect the handle of the operating spindle with said spindle by similar variable means so as to attain the maximum permutation of the mechanism. However, locking mechanism embodying my invention may be otherwise constructed and arranged.

As hereinafter described; my invention may be embodied in locking mechanism in which the locking bolt either reciprocates rectilinearly or oscillates upon an axis parallel with the axes of said tumblers.

ldly invention includes the various novel features of construction and arrangement hereinaftermore definitely specified.

In said drawings; Figs. I to VIII inclusive illustrate a lock embodying a form of my invention wherein the locking bolt reciprocates rectilinearly. Fig. I is a plan View of said lock. Fig. II is an elevation of the left hand side of said look as shown in Fig. I. Fig. III is a sectional View of said lock, taken on the line III, III in Fig. I. Fig. IV is a front elevation of said lock. Fig. V is a rear elevation of said lock. is an elevation of a portion of said lock, with the spindle handle, index dials and front plate indicated in Fig. IV removed. Fig. VII is a front, partly sectional, view of said lock, taken on the line VII, VII in Fig. II. Fig. VIII isa! rear, partly sectional, view of the parts of the lock structure removed from the structure shown in Fig. VII. e

Figs. IX toXVII inclusive illustrate a lock embodying a form of my invention in which the locking bolt oscillates upon an axis parallel with the axes of the tumblers. Fig. IX is a plan view of that look. Fig. X is an elevation of the left hand side of said lock, as shown in Fig. IX. Fig. XI is a structure removed from the structure shown in Fig. XV. Fig. XVII is a plan sectional Fig. v1

view of said structure, taken on the line XVII, XVII in Fig. XVI.

The form of my invention shown in Figs. I to VIII inclusive is adapted for connection" with a drawer or closet door and im cludes the frame comprising the plane metal members 1 and 2 which are disposed in right angular relation, as best shown in Fig. II, and may be conveniently formed of pressed sheet metal. Said frame member 1 is provided with'the holes 3 and saidmember 2 is provided with the holes 1 to receive screws whereby said frame may be rigidly connectedwith a suitable support 6 such as the front of a drawer or the edge of a door; which support has a circular opening made therethrough, of the diameter of the circle 7 shown in Fig. IV, through which opening the lock casing 8 extends exterior to said support 6. Said frame member 2 has the rectangular opening 10, shown in Figs. I and III, in which the locking bolt 11 is mounted to reciprocate, rectilinearly; said bolt having the slot 13 engaging the stationary lug 1 1 which projects therein from said frame member 1, as indicated in Figs. III and VII. Said locking bolt 11 is confined, against said frame plate 1, by the bracket 16 which is conveniently formed of pressed sheet metal and detachably secured in rigid relation with said frame member 1 by the screws 17, as shown in Figs. II and VII.

The rotary spindle 19 is conveniently formed of square cross section to rotatably carry the cam 20 with its hub 21 journaled in said'frame member 1 and bracket 16 as shown in Figs. III, V and VII. As shown in Figs. III and VII; said cam 20 extends within the opening 22 in said locking bolt 11 so that turning movement of said cam. reciprocates said bolt; the latter being shown in its locked position in the drawings. It is to be understood that said bolt may be retracted until its outer end is flush with said frame i'neinber 2, and thus unlocked, by turning said cam clockwise as indicated by the arrow marked thereon in Fig. VII.

Said spindle 19 has the radial stop pin 23, shown in Fig. VIII, adaptedto en counter the stop studs 24: and 25 which project rigidly from the back of said casing 8, as shown in Figs. II and VIII, to limit the rotary movement of said spindle 19 and cam 20.

Said spindle 19 carries the detent member 27 which, as shown in Fig. VI, isan in completely circular body, i. e., a body having two gaps, 28 and 29, which are arcuately recessed in its otherwise circular circumference, adapted to respectively radially register with the two rotary combination tumblers 31 and 32. Said tumblers have respective axial arbors 3 1 and 35, and each is an incompletely circular body arranged to engage and disengage said detent 27 at its respective gaps 28 and 29, by turning said tumbler arbors. Said tumbler bodies 31 and 32 have respective gaps 37 and 38 in their circumferences, adapted to be radially registered with said spindle detent 27, by turning said tumbler arbors to the position shown in Fig. VI; in which position said spindle 19 and its deten't 27 are free to be rotated in said casing S. Said spindle 19 may be conveniently turned by the exterior handle 4:0, which, in the form shown, is a milled disk having a polygonal socket adapted to fit the polygonal portion llon said spindle which, as shown in Fig. VI, is there hexagonal, so that said handle 40 may be secured upon said spindle 19 in any one of six relative cooperative positions. As indicated in Fig. IV, said handle is provided with the index mark 43', which mark may be caused to coincide with anyone of the six corners of the hexagonal portion 41 of said spindle 19, to vary the position of said index mark 13 in relation to the position of said gaps 28 and 29.

Said handle a0 may be selectively secured in any of six different positions with respect to said spindle 19 and detent 27, by the screw 4 1 which extends through. said iandle 10 in engagement with said spindle and has its head bearing upon the outer face of said handle. Said tumbler arbors 341 and have respective polygonal portions 45 and 1G, conveniently hexagonal, as shown in Fig. VI, for cooperative engagement with the respective index members 18 and 4.9,which, as shown in Figs. I to IV inclusive, are dials exterior to said lock casing 8. Said dials may be conveniently provided with index marks of any suitable character, such as notches in theirperipheries which may be distinctively numbered, asshown in Fig. IV, and each of said dials may be selectively connected with its respective arbor in any one of six different positions, by means of respective screws 51 and 52 which extend throi'igli saiddials in engagement with the respective dial arbors 3 1 and 35.

It is to understood that when the spindle detent 27 and said tumblers 31 and 32 are in the relative rotary position shown in Fig. VI, said spindle 19 maybe freely turned to shift said locking bolt 11 both to lock and unlock it, and that such position of said detent and tumblers may correspond with any of the combinations to which said handle 10 and dials $8 and a9 may be adjusted as above described; so that the combination of the lock may be thus changed and varied to the extent permissible by six variations of each of the three interlocking elements aforesaid. However,

when either of said tumblers 31 and 32 is turned from the position in which its rebcr spective gap registers in radial relation with the axis of said spindle 19; it interlocks with said detent 27, and it is intended that both tumblers shall be thus turned to hold the mechanism in locked position and prevent it from being unlocked, until said tumblers are turned to the position shown in Fig. VI, by turning said dials in accordance with the selected combination of the handle and dial index members aforesaid, to which the lock mechanism has been temporarily set.

As shown in Figs. II, III, VI, VII and VIII; said casing 8 is rigidly connected with said frame plate 1 by three standards 55, 56 and 57, which are conveniently rigidly connected with said casing, as indicated in Fig. III, and screw threaded at their rear ends for engagement with respective screws 58, 59 and 60. As shown in Figs. III and VI; said casing 8 includes a solid body of metal in which three recesses are bored to respectively receive said detent 27 and tumblers 31 and 32, and the cover 61 of a said casing is rigidly connected therewith by three screws 68, 64 and 65 having their heads extending in countersunk recesses 1n the back of said casing 8, as indicated in Figs. III and VIII. However, it is to be understood that a suitable casing may be formed at less cost by casting or pressing a recess therein to receive said members 27. 31 and 32.

The form of my invention shown in Figs. IX to XVII inclusive is adapted for connection with a tool chest or similar receptacle having a lid which might be pried open if not provided with a keeper capable of inter-engagement with the locking bolt. Said lock includes the frame comprising the plane members 71 and 72 which are disposed in right angular relation, as best shown in Fig. X, and may be conveniently formed of pressed sheet metal. Said frame member 71 is provided with the holes 73 and said member 72 is provided with the ioles 7 a to receive screws whereby said frame may be rigidly connected with a suitable support 76, such as the front of a chest; which support has a circular opening made therethrough, of the diameter of the circle 77 shown in F ig. XII, through which opening the lock casing 78 extends exterior to said support 76. Said frame member 72 has the rectangular opening 80 shown in Figs. IX and XI, in which the bight of the box 81 on the keeper 82 is adapted to extend, in connection with the lid of the chest or other receptacle which is to be locked. Said keeper may be secured to such lid by screws extending through the holes 83 in the plane plate portion thereof which extends parallel with said lock frame mem- 72 shown in Figs. XI to XV inclu sive. The bight of said box 81 is adapted to oscillate upon the stationary pivot 87 which, as indicated in Fig. XI, is rigidly connected with said frame plate 71, and

has its front end engaged in the bracket 88 which is detachably secured to said frame plate 71 by the screws 89-, as shown in Figs. XI and XV, and confines said locking bolt against said frame plate 71.

The rotary spindle 91 is conveniently formed of hexagonal cross section to rotatably carry the cam 92 with its hub 93 journaled in said frame member 71 and in said bracket 88, as shown in Fig. XI and indicated in Figs. XIII, XV and XVI. As shown in Fig. XV, said cam 92 extends between the bifurcations 94 and 95 of said locking bolt 86, so that turning movement of said cam reciprocates said bolt, which is thus caused to oscillate upon its pivot 87. The mechanism above described is shown in its locked position in Figs. IXto XVII inclusive. However, it is to be understood that said bolt 86 may be retracted until its hook-shaped end 85 is released from the bight of said box 81 of the keeper 82, and

thus unlocked, by turning said cam anti clockwise, as indicated by the arrow marked thereon in Fig. XV.

Said spindle 91 carries the detent member 96, which, as shown in Fig. XIV, is an incompletely circular body having two gaps 97 and 98, in its circumference, adapted to respectively radially register with the two rotary combination tumblers 101 and 102.

with said spindle detent 96, by turning said tumbler arbors to the position shown in Fi XIV; in which position said spindle 91 and its detent 96 are free to be rotated in said casing 78. baid spindle 91 may be conveniently turned by the exterior handle which, in the form shown, is a knob havin a polygonal socket adapted to fit thepolygonal portion 111 on said spindle which, as shown in Fig. XIV, is there hexagonal, so that said handle 110 may be secured upon said spindle in any one of six relative cooperative positions. As indicated in Fig. XI I, said handle is provided with the index mark 118, which mark may be caused to coincide with any one of the fiat faces of said hexagonal portion 111 of said spindle 91, to vary the positionof said index mark 113 in relation to the position of said gaps 97 and 98.

Said handle 110may be selectively secured in any one of six different positions with respect to said spindle 91 and detent 96,. by the screw 114: which extends through said' ment with the respective index members 115 and 119, which, as shown in Figs. 1K to XII inclusive, are dials exterior tosaid lock casing 78. Said dials may be provided with index marks of any suitable character, such as notches in their peripheries, which may be distinctively numbered, as shown in Fig. X11, and each of said dials may be selectively connected with its respective arbor-in any one of six different positions, by means of respective screws 121 and 122 which extend through said dials in engagementwith the respecti e dial arbors 10 1 and 105.

It is to be understood that when the spindle detent 96 and said tumblers 101 and 102 are in the relative rotary position shown 1 y in Fig. 31V, said spindle 91 may be freely (turned .to shift said locking bolt'SS both. to lock and unlock it, and that such position of said deteutand tumblers may correspond with any of the combinations to which said handle 110 and dials 118 and 119 may be adjusted as above described; so that, the

combination of the lock may be thus changed and varied to the extent permissb ble by six variations of each of the three interlocking elements aforesaid.

However, when either of said tumblers 101 and 102 is turned from the position in which its respective gap registers in radial relation with the axis of said spindle 91 it interlocks with said detent 96, and it intended that both tumblers, shall be thus turned to hold the mechanism in locked position and, prevent it from being unlocked until said tun'iblcrs are turned to the position shown in Fig. XIV, by turning said. dials in accordance with the selected combination, of the handle and dial index meiuhers aforesaid, to which the lock incchauiruu hasbeen temporarily set.

As shown in Figs. X, XV, XVI and XVI-I; said casing 78 is rigidly connected with said frame plate 71 by two standards 123 which are conveniently rigidly connected with said casing, as indicated in Fig. XVII, and screw threaded at their rear ends for engagement with the respective screws 124- and 125, shown in Fig. XIII. As shown in XI, XIV and XVII; said casing; 78 includes a solid body. of metal in which three recesses are bored to. respectively receive said detent. 96 and'tumblers 101 and 102, and the cover 126 of said casing is rigidly connected therewith by two screws, 12?

I and 128 having their heads extending in self to the precise details of construction.

and arrangement herein set forth, as it is obvious that various modifications may be madectherein without departing; from the essential features of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a combination lock; the combination with a pivoted oscillatory hook-shaped locking bolt having; bifurcations with a cam recess between them; of a keeper plate including; a box having a bip ht arranged to be engaged by said belt; a rotary spindle carrying); a cam independent of said bolt, extendingin said cam recess and arranged to reciproate said bolt by turning movement of said spindle; an incompletely circular detent member, carried by said spindle and having two gaps in its circlnnfeience; two rotary combination tumblers, each having" an axial arbor, and an incompletely circular body arranged to engage and disengage said detent at said gaps; each of said tumbler bodies having a gap in its circumference, arranged to be. radially registered with said spindle,

by turning said tumbler arbors, to release,

said detent and permit rotation of said spindle to unlock said bolt; index members, including an exterior operating handle on said spindle and exterior dials on said tumbler arbors; and polygonal means on said, spindle and tumbler arbors arranged tov re spectively secure said handle and tumblers in relative variable cooperative position; whereby the cmnbimition of said lock mechanism may be changijed.

2. in a. cinnliiination lock; the con bi. atiou with a locking bolt having a cam recess; of a keeper plate arranged to. be engaged by said bolt; a rotary spindle carrying: a cam independent of said bolt, extending in said cam recess and arranged to reciprocate said bolt by turning movement of said spindle; an incompletely circular detent member, carried by said spindle and having two gaps in its circumference; two rotary combination tumblers, each having an axial arbor, and an incompletely circular body arranged to engage and disengage said detent at said gaps; each of said tumbler bodies having a, gap in its circumference, arranged tov be radially registered with said spindle, by turning said tumbler arbors, to release said, detent and permit rotation of said spindle to unlock till loo

said bolt; index members, including an exterior operating handle on said spindle and exterior dials on said tumbler arbors; and polygonal means on said spindle and tumbler arbors arranged to respectively secure said handle and tumblers in relative variable cooperative position; whereby the combination of said lock mechanism may be changed.

3. In a combination lock; the combination with a locking bolt having a cam recess; of a rotary spindle carrying a cam independent of said bolt, extending in said cam recess and arranged to reciprocate said bolt by turning movement of said spindle; an incompletely circular detent member, carried by said spindle and having two gaps in its circumference; two rotary combination tumblers, each having an axial arbor, and an incompletely circular body arranged to engage and disengage said detent at said gaps; each of said tumbler bodies having a gap in its circumference, arranged to be radially registered with said spindle, by turning said tumbler arbors, to release said detent and permit rotation of said spindle to unlock said bolt; index members, including ex terior dials on said tumbler arbors; and polygonal means on said tumbler arbors arranged to respectively secure said tumblers in relative variable cooperative position; whereby the combination of said lock mecha nism may be changed.

4-. In a combination lock; the combination with a locking bolt having a cam recess; of a rotary spindle carrying a cam extending in said cam recess arranged to reciprocate said bolt by turning movement of said spindle; an incompletely circular detent member, carried by said spindle and having two gaps in its circumference; two rotary combination tumblers, each having an axial arbor, and an incompletely circular body arranged to engage and disengage said de tent at said gaps; each of said tumbler bodies having a gap in its circumference,

arranged to be radially registered with said spindle, by turning said tumbler arbors, to release said detent and permit rotation of said spindle to unlock said bolt; index members; and means on said tumbler arbors arranged to respectively secure said tumblers in relative variable cooperative position; whereby the combination of said lock mechanism may be changed.

5. In a combination lock; the combination with a locking bolt having a cam recess; of a rotary spindle carrying a cam extending in said cam recess and arranged to reciprocate said bolt by turning movement of said spindle; a detent member, carried by said spindle and having two gaps in its circumference; and two rotary combination tumblers, each having an incompletely circular portion arranged to engage and disengage said detent at said gaps; each of said tumblers having a gap in its-circumference, arranged to be radially registered with said spindle, by turning it, to release said detent and permit rotation of said spindle to unlock said bolt.

6. In a combination lock; the combination with a locking bolt having a recess; of a rotary spindle extending in said recess and arranged to operate said bolt by turning movement of said spindle; a rotary detent member, carried by said spindle; a rotary tumbler, eccentric to said spindle, arranged to be turned to engage and disengage said detent; and index means whereby the combination of said lock mechanism may be determined.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, this seventeenth day of September, 1921.

JOHN P. IOOR.

l Vitnesses ARTHUR E. PAIGE, CAROLYN E. REUTER. 

